Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtʃə] (listen) or [ˈniːtsʃə]; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, writer, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24. Nietzsche resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900. Nietzsche's writing spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favor of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life …
Friedrich Nietzsche
Author details
- Aliases:
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.. Nietzsche, Bedřich Nietzsche, F Nit︠s︡he, and 178 others
F. Nicše, F. Nietzsche, F. Niezsche, F. Nits︠h︡e, F. Nitše, F. Nit︠s︡he, F. Nīche, F. W. Nīche, F.・W. ニーチェ, Federico G. Nietzsche, Federico Nietzche, Federico Nietzsche, Fidirix Wilihlim Netzi, Firidrik Nitshih, Firīdrīk Nītshih, Fr Nicše, Fr Nietzsche, Fr Niṭshe, Frederic Nietzsche, Frederich Wilhelm Nietzsche, Frederico Nietzsche, Freiderikos Nitse, Freiderikou Nitse, Fridericus N, Fridericus Nietzsche, Frideríkos Nítse, Fridirch Niče, Fridirīk Nīča, Fridrich Nicše, Fridrich Nitcše, Fridrich Niče, Fridrih Nicše, Fridrih Nitče, Fridrih Niče, Fridrih Wilhelm Niče, Fridrihs Nīče, Fridrihs Vilhelms Nīče, Fridrikh Niettsshe, Fridrikh Nitche, Fridrikh Nitsʻchʻē, Fridrikh Nitt︠s︡she, Fridrikh Nit︠s︡she, Fridrikh Niṭshah, Fridrish Nitshah, Fridrix Nic'še, Fridrix Nitsşe, Friederich Nietzsche, Friedrich G. Nietzsche, Friedrich Nicše, Friedrich Nietsche, Friedrich Nietszche, Friedrich Nietzche, Friedrich Nietzsche, Friedrich Nietzsche Wilhelm, Friedrich W. Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, Friedrikh Niṭshe, Fryd Nietzsche, Fryderyk Nietzsche, Frydrichas Nyčė, Frydrych Nicšė, Frédéric Nietzsche, Frîdrîk Nîtşe, Frīdirīš Nītšh, Frīdrihs Nīče, Frīdrihs Vilhelms Nīcše, Frīdrihs Vilhelms Nīče, Frīdrish Nītshah, Frīdriš Nītše, Frīdriš Nītših, Frīdrėks Nīčė, Frīdrīk Nītših, Frīdrīš Nītša, Frīdrīš Nīča, Frīdrīš Wīlhilm Nīča, Fu li de li xi Ni cai, Fulidelixi-Nicai, Fulidlixi Nicai, Furīdorihhi Viruherumu Nīche, Furīdorihi Nīche, Kapreṭarik Villiyam Nīṭsē, K̲apreṭarik Villiyam Nīṭṣē, Ni cai, Ni-tsʻai, Nicai, Niche, Nicše, Nietche, Nietzsche, Nietzsche Friedrich, Nietztsche, Niichʻe, Nitse, Nitsi, Nitče, Niṭsheh, Nīche, Nīṭjhśe, P'ŭridŭrihi Nich'e, Phr Nitse, Phreiderikos Nitse, Phreideriku Nitse, Phrintrich Nitse, Phrēntrich Nitse, Vilhelms Frīdrihs Nīče, Vilhelms Nīče, Φρειδερίκος Νίτσε, Φρειδερικος Νιτσε, Нитцше, Нитче, Нитше, Ницше, Ф Ницше, Ф. В Ницше, Фр Ницше, Фридрих Вильгельм Ницше, Фридрих Нитче, Фридрих Нитше, Фридрих Ницше, Фридрих Ниче, Фрыдрых Вільгельм Ніцшэ, Фрыдрых Ніцшэ, Фрідріх Ніцше, Ֆրիդրիխ Նիցշե, ניטשה, ניטשע פריעדריך, פרידריך וילהלם ניטצשה, פרידריך וילהלם ניטצשע, פרידריך וילהלם ניטשה, פרידריך וילהלם ניטשע, פרידריך וילהלם ניעטצשע, פרידריך וילהלם ניצ'ה, פרידריך וילהלם ניצ'שה, פרידריך ניטשה, פרידריך ניטשע, פרידריך ניצ'ה, פרידריך ניצי׳שה, פרידריך ניצשה, פרידריך ניצשע, פריעדריך ניטשע, פריעדריך ניעטצשע, فريدرخ نيتشه, فريدريش نيتشه،, فريدريك نيتشه, فريدريك نيتشه،, فریدریش نیچه, فریدریش نیچە, فرېدرېک وېلهېلم نېتشي, نطشے, نىتسى, نيتشه، فريدرخ،, نيتشه، فريدريش فيلهيلم،, نيتشه، فريدريك, نيتشه، فريدريك،, फ्रीडरिक नित्ची, फ्रेडरिक नीत्शे, ফ্রিড্রিশ নিচে, ਫਰੈਦਰੀਕ ਨੀਤਜ਼ੇ, பிரீட்ரிக் நீட்சே, ഫ്രീഡ്രിക്ക് നീച്ച, ฟรีดริช นีทเชอ, ფრიდრიხ ნიცშე, ኒሺ, にいちえ, ニイチェ, ニーチェ, フリ-ドリッヒ ヴィルヘルム ニーチェ, フリードリッヒ ニーチェ, フリードリッヒ・ヴィルヘルム ニーチェ, フリードリヒ ニーチェ, フリードリヒ・W. ニーチェ, フリードリヒ・ニーチェ, 尼采, 尼采弗里德里希, 弗里德里希 尼采, 弗里德里希·尼采, 프리드리히 니체, 프리드리히니체 - Born:
- Oct. 14, 1844
- Died:
- Aug. 24, 1900
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Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtʃə] (listen) or [ˈniːtsʃə]; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, writer, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24. Nietzsche resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900. Nietzsche's writing spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favor of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life in response to both the "death of God" and the profound crisis of nihilism; the notion of Apollonian and Dionysian forces; and a characterization of the human subject as the expression of competing wills, collectively understood as the will to power. He also developed influential concepts such as the Übermensch and the doctrine of eternal return. In his later work, he became increasingly preoccupied with the creative powers of the individual to overcome cultural and moral mores in pursuit of new values and aesthetic health. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from figures such as Socrates, Zoroaster, Arthur Schopenhauer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Wagner and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. After his death, his sister Elisabeth became the curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts. She edited his unpublished writings to fit her German ultranationalist ideology while often contradicting or obfuscating Nietzsche's stated opinions, which were explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through her published editions, Nietzsche's work became associated with fascism and Nazism; 20th-century scholars contested this interpretation, and corrected editions of his writings were soon made available. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th and early-21st century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, psychology, politics, and popular culture.
